U.S. PISA Math Scores Over Time: 2003–2025
U.S. mathematics performance across eight comparable PISA cycles, from the first mathematics major-domain cycle in 2003 through the 2025 assessment.
U.S. Mathematics Trend Statistics
U.S. PISA Mathematics Scores, 2003–2025
Mean mathematics score among U.S. 15-year-old students in each comparable PISA cycle.
The vertical scale is limited to 450–500 points to make cycle-to-cycle movement visible. OECD marks the 2025 U.S. estimate for caution because one or more PISA sampling standards were not met.
Full U.S. PISA Mathematics Score History
| 2003 | 483 | — | Major domain |
| 2006 | 474 | −9 | Minor domain |
| 2009 | 487 | +13 | Minor domain |
| 2012 | 481 | −6 | Major domain |
| 2015 | 470 | −11 | Minor domain |
| 2018 | 478 | +8 | Minor domain |
| 2022 | 465 | −13 | Major domain |
| 2025 | 463 | −2 | Minor domain |
The 2025 Result Remained Near the 2022 Level
- The U.S. mathematics mean moved from 465 in 2022 to 463 in 2025. OECD reports that the two-point change was not statistically different, so the latest result is better read as broadly unchanged from 2022 rather than as evidence of another measurable decline.
- The longer series shows a different pattern. The 2025 mean is 20 points below the 2003 result and 24 points below the series high of 487 in 2009. The largest recent cycle-to-cycle drop shown in the table occurred between 2018 and 2022, when the mean moved from 478 to 465.
- The series has not followed a continuous downward path. Scores fell after 2003, rose in 2009, declined through 2015, recovered in 2018 and then moved to a lower level in 2022 and 2025. The 2025 cycle therefore extends the lower post-2018 score level without showing a statistically different change from 2022.
- Mathematics was the major PISA domain in 2003, 2012 and 2022 and a minor domain in 2025. OECD maintains the linked mathematics scale for trend reporting from 2003 onward, allowing these cycles to be examined as one historical series.
Data Sources, Measurement and Comparability
Official Trend Data
The score series uses OECD PISA mean mathematics performance for the United States: 483 in 2003, 474 in 2006, 487 in 2009, 481 in 2012, 470 in 2015, 478 in 2018, 465 in 2022 and 463 in 2025.
2025 U.S. Result
PISA 2025 assessed 15-year-old students. OECD reports that U.S. mathematics performance in 2025 was about the same as in 2022. Mathematics was a minor assessment area in 2025, while science was the major domain.
Trend Starting Point
Mathematics trend comparisons begin with PISA 2003. NCES notes that comparisons with the separate PISA 2000 mathematics scale should not be combined with the later mathematics series.
2025 Technical Information
NCES reports that 4,625 U.S. students in 144 schools completed PISA 2025. OECD marks the United States with a caution indicator because one or more sampling standards were not met. Small differences involving the 2025 estimate should therefore be read with added care.