U.S. PISA Math Scores 2025
PISA 2025 places U.S. mathematics performance close to the OECD average and provides updated proficiency results for 15-year-old students.
U.S. and OECD Mathematics Mean Score in PISA 2025
Mean mathematics score for 15-year-old students.
Scores are reported on the PISA mathematics scale. OECD describes U.S. mathematics performance as close to the OECD average.
U.S. PISA Mathematics Results for 2025
| Comparison | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States* | 463 | 65% | 8% | Close to OECD average |
| OECD average | 463 | 65% | 8% | Reference average |
U.S. Mathematics Performance Was Close to the OECD Average
- The United States and the OECD average both round to 463 points in mathematics. OECD places U.S. performance within the group performing close to the OECD average rather than treating the rounded score as a league-table position.
- The U.S. result changed by only two points from 2022. OECD reports mathematics performance in 2025 as about the same as in 2022, so the numerical movement from 465 to 463 should not be interpreted as a statistically detectable decline.
- The distribution measures also sit near the OECD profile after rounding: 65% of U.S. students reached at least Level 2 and 8% reached Level 5 or 6, matching the corresponding OECD averages reported for 2025.
U.S. Mathematics Score: 2022 and 2025
The latest cycle is shown alongside the previous PISA mathematics result.
Mathematics was the major PISA domain in 2022 and a minor domain in 2025. OECD maintains the mathematics trend scale across the two cycles.
| 2022 | 465 | 472 |
| 2025 | 463 | 463 |
The Latest Cycle Changed the U.S.–OECD Numeric Gap
- The U.S. mathematics score moved only slightly between the two cycles, while the OECD average changed from 472 to 463. As a result, the seven-point numerical difference seen in 2022 was no longer present in the rounded 2025 scores.
- This two-cycle comparison does not establish a new U.S. upward trend. The 2025 U.S. result remains among the lower mathematics results observed for the country across its longer PISA series.
Mathematics Proficiency in 2025
| At least Level 2 | 65% | 65% |
| Level 5 or 6 | 8% | 8% |
Baseline and Top-Performer Shares Show a Similar OECD Profile
- Level 2 is the PISA baseline used to identify students who can begin applying mathematics independently in relatively simple real-world situations. The U.S. share reaching this threshold matched the rounded OECD average in 2025.
- Level 5 and Level 6 capture more demanding mathematical reasoning and modeling. The U.S. top-performer share also matched the rounded OECD average, indicating that the similarity was present at both the baseline threshold and the upper end of the proficiency distribution.
Data Sources, Measurement and Comparability
Assessment and population
PISA 2025 assessed 15-year-old students. The United States participated in science, reading, mathematics and Learning in the Digital World. NCES reports that 4,625 U.S. students participated overall and 1,831 took the mathematics assessment.
Mathematics scale
PISA mathematics results are estimated with item response theory and reported on a 0–1,000 scale. Level 2 begins at 420.07 points in PISA 2025 mathematics, while Level 5 begins at 606.99 points.
2025 assessment design
Science was the major domain in PISA 2025. Mathematics was a minor domain and used 180 trend items. NCES reports that the mathematics assessment retained the hybrid multistage adaptive design used in 2022, with fewer mathematics items administered because the subject was not the major domain in 2025.
Comparison with 2022
The mathematics scale is linked across PISA cycles, permitting comparison between 2022 and 2025. OECD reports the U.S. 2025 mathematics result as about the same as the 2022 result despite the two-point numerical difference.
U.S. estimate caution: OECD marks the United States with an asterisk in PISA 2025 because one or more sampling standards were not met. U.S. estimates should therefore be interpreted with caution. Numeric differences alone should not be treated as evidence of a statistical difference.